What is a common secondary cause of hyperlipidemia that should be evaluated during diagnosis?

Hypothyroidism is a well-recognized secondary cause of hyperlipidemia that should be considered during the diagnostic evaluation of elevated lipid levels in a patient. In this condition, the underactivity of the thyroid gland leads to a decreased metabolic rate and an overall reduction in the clearance of lipoproteins from the bloodstream. The consequent elevation in circulating lipids, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, can significantly contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease.

Assessing for hypothyroidism involves evaluating clinical signs such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and conducting thyroid function tests to measure levels of thyroid hormones (TSH and T4). Proper diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism can lead to the resolution of hyperlipidemia in many patients, emphasizing the importance of this evaluation as part of a comprehensive approach to managing lipid disorders.