Cranial nerve XI is known as which of the following?

Cranial nerve XI is known as the Spinal Accessory nerve. This nerve is primarily responsible for motor functions, specifically innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, which facilitate movements such as shoulder elevation and head rotation. The spinal accessory nerve plays a critical role in neck and shoulder movements and contributes to the overall posture and stability of the head.

Understanding its function and anatomical course is significant for assessing patients with neck or shoulder issues, as damage to this nerve can result in weakness or paralysis in the associated muscles. In clinical practice, a thorough examination of cranial nerve function, including the spinal accessory nerve, is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and treatment planning.